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Journal of Dental Research
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Formation of Afibrillar Acellular Cementum-like Layers Induced by Alkaline Phosphatase Activity from Periodontal Ligament Explants Maintained in vitro

M.C. Groeneveld

Experimental Oral Biology Group, Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Louwesweg 1, 1066 EA Amsterdam, The Netherlands

V. Everts

Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Amsterdam

W. Beertsen

Fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament, by their alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, are considered to play a role in the formation of acellular cementum. As a means of exploring this hypothesis, periodontal ligament explants from rat incisors were cultured in direct contact with bovine dentin slices in the presence of 10 mmol/L β-glycerophosphate. Periosteal and pericardial tissue explants were maintained under similar conditions. After two weeks, the slices were harvested and processed for electron microscopic examination. Controls included periodontal ligament explants to which the ALP-inhibitor levamisole was added. The results suggest that only ALP-positive cultures from periodontal ligament and periosteum form mineralized layers along the dentin. After demineralization, layers consisted of fine filamentous or granular material of moderate electron-density and resembled afibrillar acellular cementum. Our findings support the hypothesis that periodontal ligament fibroblasts, by means of their ALP activity, play a pivotal role in the formation of acellular cementum.

Key Words: Alkaline Phosphatase • Calcification • Physiologic • Dental Cementum • Fibroblasts

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 73, No. 10, 1588-1592 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345940730100201
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M.C. Groeneveld, V. Everts, and W. Beertsen
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in the Periodontal Ligament and Gingiva of the Rat Molar: Its Relation to Cementum Formation
Journal of Dental Research, July 1, 1995; 74(7): 1374 - 1381.
[Abstract] [PDF]