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Fluoride Concentrations in Plaque, Whole Saliva, and Ductal Saliva After Application of Home-use Topical Fluorides

Department of Oral Sciences, Eastman Dental Center, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14620

R.F. Raubertas

Department of Biostatistics, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642

J. Fu

Department of Oral Sciences, Eastman Dental Center, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14620

A.M. Pedersen

Department of Oral Sciences, Eastman Dental Center, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14620

A.L. Hayes

Department of Oral Sciences, Eastman Dental Center, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14620

J.D.B. Featherstone

Department of Oral Sciences, Eastman Dental Center, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14620

It is now well-accepted that the primary anti-caries activity of fluoride (F) is via topical action. The retention of F in the mouth after topical fluoride treatment is considered to be an important factor in the clinical efficacy of F. The purpose of this study was to evaluate F levels in ductal saliva, whole saliva, and pooled plaque after treatment with topical F agents intended for home use. Ten consenting adults, mean (SD) age 31.0 (8.2) years, participated in all aspects of the study. Two days before each test, subjects received a professional tooth cleaning and subsequently abstained from all oral hygiene procedures to permit plaque to accumulate, and from the use of F-containing dental products. Treatments consisted of a placebo dentifrice (PD), fluoride dentifrice (FD; 0.24% NaF), fluoride rinse (FR; 0.05% NaF), and fluoride gel (FG; 1.1% NaF). Unstimulated whole saliva and pooled plaque were sampled at multiple points over a 24-hour period. In a separate experimental series, stimulated parotid saliva was sampled over a two-hour period after treatment. Fluoride levels generally followed the same pattern in whole saliva and pooled plaque samples, with FG > FR > FD > PD. Night-time F application resulted in prolonged F retention in whole saliva but not in plaque. Fluoride levels in parotid saliva were only slightly higher after F treatment and returned to baseline levels within two h. The results of this study indicate that the method of F delivery, the F concentration of the agent, and the time of application (daytime vs. night-time) are important factors influencing F levels in the mouth. The recycling of F in ductal saliva as a consequence of the inadvertent ingestion of home-use fluoride products does not appear to make a clinically significant contribution to F levels in the mouth.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 71, No. 11, 1768-1775 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345920710110201


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