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Journal of Dental Research
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A Light and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Enamel Decalcification in Children Living in a Water-fluoridated Area

A. Thylstrup

Department of Structural Properties of Materials The Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

R.M. Boyar

Department of Stomatology and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3E OW2

L. Holmen

Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Royal Dental College, Nørre Allé 20, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark

G.H. Bowden

Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3E OW2

Eleven children, each having one or two pairs of premolars to be extracted for orthodontic purposes, participated in the study. The model involved placement of a special orthodontic band that allowed the accumulation of plaque in a defined area between the band and the buccal enamel. Examination of enamel changes was carried out in experimental teeth that had been exposed to local plaque accumulation for one, two, four, eight, or 14 days. The specimens were examined under the light (LM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). All teeth had signs of very mild dental fluorosis. No indications of demineralization were noted after one day. SEM examination showed signs of crystal dissolution in some of the two-day specimens. Six of eight four-day specimens exhibited surface dissolution. All eight- and 14-day specimens showed signs of surface demineralization in the LM as well as in the SEM. These observations documented that undisturbed bacterial deposits are capable of initiating enamel demineralization within short time periods, even in children living in a water-fluoridated area.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 69, No. 10, 1626-1633 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345900690100101
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A. Thylstrup, C. Bruun, and L. Holmen
In Vivo Caries Models-Mechanisms for Caries Initiation and Arrestment
Advances in Dental Research, July 1, 1994; 8(2): 144 - 157.
[Abstract] [PDF]