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Journal of Dental Research
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Comparison of Lead Levels in Human Permanent Teeth from Strasbourg, Mexico City, and Rural Zones of Alsace

R.M. Frank

Centre de Recherches (Unité mixte CNRS-INSERM), Faculté de Chiruigie Dentaire, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 Rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France

M.L. Sargentini-Maier

Laboratoire de Chimie Minérale (URA CNRS 405), Ecole Européenne des Hautes Etudes des Industries Chimiques de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg France

J.C. Turlot

Centre de Recherches (Unité mixte CNRS-INSERM), Faculté de Chiruigie Dentaire, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 Rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France

M.J.F. Leroy

Laboratoire de Chimie Minérale (URA CNRS 405), Ecole Européenne des Hautes Etudes des Industries Chimiques de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg France

A comparative study of the mean lead concentrations in enamel and dentin of human premolars and permanent molars was conducted by means of a systematic sampling procedure with energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis. In a first series of analyses, no significant statistical differences in mean lead concentrations at various levels of enamel and dentin were noted between young patients of Strasbourg and those of small villages of Alsace, nor between elderly patients living in these two locations, despite the fact that motor traffic was significantly lower in the rural zones. However, in both locations, a significantly higher concentration of lead was observed in enamel and dentin in relation to age. In a second series of analyses, the mean lead concentrations of both dental hard tissues of premolars and permanent molars of young individuals from Strasbourg, rural Alsace, and Mexico City were compared. Significantly higher mean lead concentrations were found in enamel and dentin samples from Mexico City. This was most evident for inner coronal dentin (5.7 and 6.1 times greater than in teeth of Strasbourg and rural zones of Alsace, respectively) and for pulpal root dentin (6.9 and 8.9 times greater than in teeth of Strasbourg and rural zones of Alsace). It is proposed that the higher lead concentrations are related to the higher lead content of motor gasoline and to more intense traffic conditions. The dental hard tissues appear to be of value for the study of environmental lead pollution.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 69, No. 1, 90-93 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345900690011601
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