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The Influence of Surface Free-energy on Planimetric Plaque Growth in Man

Catholic University of Leuven, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology & Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Department of Periodontology, Kapucijnenvoer 7, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

M. Marechal

Catholic University of Leuven, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology & Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Department of Periodontology, Kapucijnenvoer 7, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

H.J. Busscher

University of Groningen, Dental School, Laboratory for Materia Technica, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands

A.H. Weerkamp

NIZO, P.O. Box 20, 6710 BA Ede, The Netherlands

J. Arends

University of Groningen, Dental School, Laboratory for Materia Technica, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands

P.L. Darius

Catholic University of Leuven, Laboratory for Statistics & Experimental Design, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, B-3030 Heverlee, Belgium

D. van Steenberghe

Catholic University of Leuven, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology & Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Department of Periodontology, Kapucijnenvoer 7, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

The purpose of this study was to examine the change in plaque area over nine days in vivo on four materials with different surface free-energies (s.f.e.). Twelve healthy dental students participated in a crossover, split-mouth, double-blind study. Supragingival plaque formation was recorded over a nine-day period, on four different materials: fluorethylenepropylene (Teflon) (FEP), parafilm (PAR), cellulose acetate (CA), and enamel (E) with s.fe. of 20, 26, 57, and 88 erg/cm², respectively. Strips made from the first three materials were stuck to the buccal surface of an upper incisor. The remaining incisor was carefully polished and served as an enamel surface. The increase in plaque was evaluated after three, six, and nine days. A planimetrical analysis was used so that the plaque area could be expressed as a percentage of the total buccal tooth surface. This procedure was repeated on each subject, so that at the end, each pair of central or lateral incisors received the four tested materials.

The results indicated that the adherence of micro-organisms on pellicle-coated substrata was influenced by the material's s.f.e.; there was an association between the s.f.e. of the substrata and the supragingival plaque extension in vivo. High surface free-energy substrata in the oral cavity attracted more micro-organisms than did low energetic materials. Additionally, the bacterial adhesion seemed very weak on surfaces with a low s.f.e.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 68, No. 5, 796-799 (1989)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345890680050801


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