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A Non-antibacterial Chemically-modified Tetracycline Inhibits Mammalian Collagenase Activity
L.M. Golub
Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794
T.F. McNamara
Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794
G. D'Angelo
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794
R.A. Greenwald
Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11042
N.S. Ramamurthy
Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794
Tetracyclines (including the semi-synthetic analogues, minocycline and doxycycline) are considered useful adjuncts in periodontal therapy because they suppress Gram-negative periodontopathogens. Recently, these antibiotics were found to inhibit mammalian collagenase activity, a property which may also be of therapeutic value. It has been suggested that the anti-collagenase properties of the tetracyclines are independent of their antibiotic efficacy. To advance this hypothesis further, we chemically converted tetracycline hydrochloride to its non-antimicrobial analogue, de-dimethylaminotetracycline. This chemically-modified tetracycline (CMT), although no longer an effective antibiotic, was found to inhibit the in vitro activity of collagenase from partially purified extracts of human rheumatoid synovial tissue and rachitic rat epiphysis. In a preliminary in vivo study, pathologically-excessive collagenase in skin and gingiva was induced by rendering adult male rats diabetic, and the oral administration of CMT to these rats significantly reduced the excessive collagenase activity in both tissues. Moreover, CMT administration did not affect the severe hyperglycemia in these rats but did prevent, at least in part, the diabetes-induced loss of body weight, skin weight, and skin collagen mass; these effects suggest a lack of toxicity in this animal model. A proposed clinical advantage of CMT over conventional tetracyclines, in the treatment of diseases characterized by excessive collagenolytic activity, is the lack of development of antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms during prolonged use. However, the consideration of clinical trials to support this hypothesis must await further laboratory and extensive toxicity tests.
Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 66, No. 8,
1310-1314 (1987)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345870660080401
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