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Journal of Dental Research
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Clinical Science Nitrous Oxide Analgesia: A Psychophysical Evaluation Using Verbal Descriptor Scaling

M.W. Heft

Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20205

R.H. Gracely

Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20205

R. Dubner

Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20205

The effect of 33% nitrous oxide/67% oxygen was compared with 100% oxygen and air on verbal reports of either sensory intensity or unpleasantness of sensations associated with painful electrical tooth pulp stimulation. Forty-eight subjects used words describing the sensory intensity (i.e., weak, mild, strong) or degree of unpleasantness (i.e., annoying, unpleasant, distressing) to assess the sensations produced by a broad range of tooth pulp stimuli. Within the experimental session, a given subject assessed the painful sensations under all three treatments delivered through a nasal inhaler in a double-blind manner. The incorporation of within-subject placebo (nasal inhaler + air) and active placebo (nasal inhaler + oxygen) controls allowed for rigorous assessment of the components of nitrous oxide analgesia. The results of this study suggest that 33% nitrous oxide analgesia reduces the intensity but not the unpleasantness of painful tooth pulp sensations. Further, 100% oxygen provides no analgesic effect.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 63, No. 2, 129-132 (1984)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345840630020601
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