Figure 4. Three-dimensional (3-D) bone morphology and morphometry of osseointegrated bone. (A) A microCT image of the detached tissue from the machined implant at week 4 post-implantation, depicting the trabecular architecture of newly formed bone tissue. (B) A microCT image of the prepared tissue specimen for nano-indentation. The tissue was separated from the week 4 machined implant, embedded in epoxy, and polished as described in the text. The flattened and smoothened bone surface is seen at the lower half of the tissue, where the nano-indentation was perfomed. Magnified microCT images of the tissue separated from the machined surface (C) and acid-etched surface (D). The volume of interest (VOI) for these 2 images was set at 300 µm x 300 µm x 100 µm. (E) Quantitative assessment of 3-D parameters performed in the VOI of 300 µm x 300 µm x 100 µm. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 6). Statistical significance, *p < 0.01. (F) Bone morphometry performed in the VOI of 100 µm x 100 µm x 100 µm. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 6).