Figure 1. Evaluation of dental caries scores on proximal (A) and sulcal (B) molar surfaces involving enamel lesions in Wistar rats sham-immunized and active- or heat-inactivated-VIP-immunized. Data show means ± SD of 10 to 12 rats per group. Statistical difference in mean score among the 3 groups was assessed by ANOVA. Multiple comparisons among groups indicated a significantly different mean score of active- or inactive-VIP-immunized in comparison with sham-immunized (p < 0.001). No differences were detected between active- and heat-inactivated-VIP-immunized groups. Fig. shows results of 1 of 3 representative independent experiments.